A Friend Stopped By | 11/23/2009 5:00 am
Breadwinners in Burqas, by Gayle Tzemach Lemmon

Editor’s note: Gayle Tzemach Lemmon served as a journalist covering presidential politics as a producer at ABC News in Washington. Since 2005, she has been reporting on women entrepreneurs starting businesses in post-conflict economies such as Afghanistan, Bosnia and Rwanda. She is currently working on a book scheduled for 2010 publication by HarperCollins about a young Afghan entrepreneur whose business supported her family and her community during the Taliban years.
I first came to Kabul in the winter of 2005 to write about a topic considered unlikely by some and outlandish to everyone else: women’s entrepreneurship. I was eager to hear the stories of women who had turned to small business to support their families and create jobs for their communities. And I was keen to see just what kinds of enterprises they were starting.
The Afghan economy was hardly one in which many women were expected to thrive. The country is among the world’s very poorest; war stripped Afghanistan of what industry it had, and the search for safety during three decades of fighting sent women farther and farther indoors under the protection of male family members. "Daring entrepreneur" was hardly the image most people had when thinking of Afghanistan’s mothers and daughters and wives. Visions of the passive war victim shrouded in the blue pleats of the burqa jumped to mind instead.
| They were thrilled to give jobs to other women, who now found themselves able to pay for both their boys and their girls to go to school. |
But I had been to Rwanda the summer before and met inspiring first-time entrepreneurs turning to business to turn their lives around. They received little attention at the time from either their government or its foreign donors, but they were there with stories so good I could not wait to Skype my editors in England from a rain-drenched Kigali Internet café. Surely Afghanistan was home to the same kind of entrepreneurs left behind by war and now filling the unexpected roles of breadwinner and family contributor taken on by so many women in the aftermath of conflict. After all, women accounted for more than 40 percent of Kabul’s teachers and a sizable percentage of its doctors and civil servants during the 1980s and 1990s. And many had managed to help their families survive economically, even during the worst of times, cultivating their farmlands or selling milk and teaching school from their homes during the Taliban years.
I was not disappointed by the stories I found. Slowly and against a web of obstacles, some economic and some cultural, a tiny but growing network of women was going out on their own, with help from their family. They employed brothers and uncles and sons — and sometimes even husbands — to go to market and meet clients in cities and provinces. They were proud of the support their profits provided their families. And they were thrilled to give jobs to other women, who now found themselves able to pay for both their boys and their girls to go to school.
The businesses spanned from the typical to the unexpected, from tailoring and handicrafts to business consultancies and construction companies. The one thing they had in common was their owner’s desire to build something better for her country. The entrepreneurs I interviewed against a desolate backdrop of dark winter gray were hopeful that Afghanistan was inching closer to a brighter future. They wanted to believe that something better lay beyond the menacing threat of growing insecurity and the ever-louder rumblings of waste, fraud and corruption. And they were hungry to help create an Afghanistan with a thriving economy, sound institutions and a political system they could be proud of.























20 Reader Comments (so far…) Sign In or Register to comment
It is truly amazing what Afghan women have accomplished in spite of being in a war torn country for so many years, including five under the Taliban. Add in a severe drought and ongoing corruption. Today, Afghanistan is the second most corrupt country in the world, Somalia being first.
There is also malnutrition of women, which negatively affects pregnancies , caused by the food scarcity linked to the conflict and the drought, but is also related to traditional preferences for males which makes women reduce their own food allowance in favor of men and children. Only 6% of the women are able to read and write, thanks to the previously destroyed infrastucture of the educational system. This also affected boys because most Afghan teachers were women. Many young girls were taken by the Taliban, most sold into the slave market or sold for sex. Because of poor sanitation, diseases are common. Many Afghans die of tuberculosis every year; most are women. And, on top of everything else, Afghanistan is one of the most mined countries in the world.
Yet in spite of all that, these women press onward and never give up. There are so many long term challenges ahead, and that only seems to strengthen their reserve and increase their organizational activities. They are truly admirable!
Sally
As I was reading the article I was wondering how to help and you have pointed the way. thanks
Gayle
Thank you for this wonderful and informative article. When listening to the reports about the war in Afghanistan we never hear much about the women and how they are faring in their country. As a soldier, my son was there in 2003 where he pulled duty to guard girl’s schools a couple of times. My other son’s class packaged up school supplies and I sent them over and my son distributed them, it made him and the students very happy. He talked about how eager the locals were to succeed - especially the women, and at that time they were beginning to flourish again. It is terribly wrong and sad what has happened to them in the interim.
I don’t know what the future will hold for the women of Afghanistan, but it is clear that if they give up, the country will fall into a worse situation. There is a strong tradition of women owning businesses in my family and it was and is a mainstay for the support of several generations of siblings and offspring. I hope the women in Afghanistan can create the same situation for their families and children.
I think the most notable point in the article is that fact that they never give up. I have a friend who is a young woman who is a painter - house painter by trade doing murals and fabulous faux finishes. She has had some success but I see at times a willingness to "just give up". She has been helped quite a bit by many family members to foster her business with advice, clients and connections but at times convinces herself that it is "just too hard". To me, the women entrepreneurs of Afghanistan could teach her something.
"Government officials on the take demand payment for everything from filling out registration forms to fulfilling a contract. "
Kabul government issued an edict to US:ISAF procurement that heretofor, all media services (printing, translation, copying, posters, billboards, warning signs, news) could only be provided by the ‘official State-approved media company’, which not surprisingly is owned by Qayum Karzai, Hamid’s older brother last seen living in WA DC. US:ISAF procurement specialists thereupon notified their Afghan contractors accordingly that as of November 25th (ironically Thanksgiving), all Afghan national media services contracts are canceled, and all media contracts will go to the ***State media monopoly***.
NOT ONE WORD in US press, and they were informed of this, with copies of the backthread e-mails.