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The Greatest Depression | 03/04/2009 6:18 am

The MBAs of the Meltdown – Where Did Those Bankers Go to Business School?

Harvard Business School, NYU Stern, Cornell … What are they teaching at these places? 
Deborah Barrow

Here’s a question, fellow 401K-robbed victims of the meltdown: Exactly where did this toxic batch of bankers and businesspeople — who engineered the economy into the ditch, the stock market into free fall and frittered away the fortunes of our country and maybe even the world — learn their craft? Which MBA, economics and law programs produced the perpetrators of the calamities that have befallen the great Wall Street institutions and, now, Main Street Americans as well? Which schools are the Academies of the Apocalypse, and who and how many went to each?

Winner: Harvard

Second Runner-up: New York University’s Stern School of Business 

Third Place: Cornell

It’s well-known by everyone except those with an MBA that the rest of the world hates the average overeducated-in-the-wrong-way whiz kid who emerges from an elite graduate school of business. These soulless, humorless, real-world-experience-starved scammers descend upon Wall Street and corporate America by the truckload every May, typically making life miserable for the professional peasants who work at the unfortunate firms to which they flock, for those who must stand mutely by as their new bosses proceed to make Every Mistake in the Book. The craftiest and most mendacious of each generation invariably finds their way to the corner office, where for years now they’ve been shipping jobs overseas, changing the focus of their firms from making products to managing money and getting richer than Marie Antoinette could have ever imagined. 

Well, now these geniuses have failed even farther upwards and we have on our hands a full-fledged global economic meltdown. 

Taking an inventory of CNN’s Ten Most Wanted: The Culprits of the Collapse, Time magazine’s 25 People to Blame For the Financial Crisis, plus a peek at the pontificators on CNBC (where the soaring level of screaming and finger-pointing makes for great daytime reality TV), we found ourselves wondering: From which schools did the stars of the meltdown emerge?

Harvard - 9 Stars 

  • Stanley O’Neal, Harvard MBA: Ousted as Chairman, CEO of Merrill Lynch, after the firm posted its first $8 billion in losses due to the sub-prime crisis. Received a severance package valued at the time at $161 million in stock and options.
  • John Thain, Harvard MBA: Hired to succeed O’Neal at Merrill Lynch and eventually managed to sell it to Bank of America. Forced out when it was revealed that he spent $1.3 million to decorate his office, and, according to The Wall Street Journal, asked for a 2008 bonus of $5-10 million, prompting President Obama to complain about "the reports that we’ve seen over the last couple of days about companies that have received taxpayer assistance, then going out and renovating bathrooms or offices or in other ways not managing those dollars appropriately." In January ‘09, NYS Attorney General Andrew Cuomo subpoenaed Thain about the purported billions in executive bonuses paid out to Merrill employees.
  • Christopher Cox, Harvard MBA: Former Chairman of the SEC, the organization that missed Bernie Madoff’s massive Ponzi Scheme even though the agency investigated him numerous times is known for his lax enforcement of Wall Street.
  • Henry Paulson, Harvard MBA: Secretary of the Treasury under President Bush, spoke ardently against government regulation of Wall Street. The resulting financial meltdown forced Paulson to oversee the greatest infusion of American taxpayer money into the banking system of any Treasury Secretary in history, including the $750 billion unregulated TARP plan. His choice to let Lehman fail after bailing out Bear Stearns and AIG has also been faulted for dramatically worsening the financial crisis.
  • Andrew Hedley Hornby, Harvard MBA: Failed former CEO of what used to be one of the UK’s largest bank group, HBOS, which had to merge with Lloyds in the face of bad mortgage loans.
  • Lawrence Summers, Harvard PhD, Economics; Former President, Harvard University: Current head of President Obama’s National Economic Council, and former Deputy Secretary of the Treasury under Bill Clinton, where he helped prevent government employee Brooksley Born from imposing government oversight of derivatives, those toxic Wall Street investments now believed to be at the root of much of the current crisis.  
  • Franklin Raines, Harvard Law: Former CEO of Fannie Mae, took "early retirement" amid an accounting investigation.
  • Daniel Mudd, MPA, Harvard JFK School of Government: Took over Fannie Mae from Raines, and increased the number of subprime mortgages it guaranteed until the government dismissed him in 2008, when the Feds had to put Fannie into conservatorship to keep it afloat.
  • George W. Bush, Harvard MBA: Rode herd over the most alarming financial meltdown since the Great Depression, as the tsunami of unregulated Wall Street derivatives collided with the bursting of the housing bubble.

New York University - 3 Stars

  • Alan Greenspan, MA, Economics, NYU: Former Federal Reserve Chairman and lifelong acolyte of Ayn Rand l’aissez-faire capitalist theories, kept Wall Street unregulated and the lending rate low, allowing the mortgage bubble to expand until it finally blew up, taking the economy with it.
  • Dick Fuld, NYU/Stern MBA: Former CEO of Lehman Brothers, the 158-year-old investment bank that, under his leadership, had to file for bankruptcy after it went deep into the subprime mortgage and CDO cesspool. 
  • Kathleen Corbet, NYU/Stern MBA: Ran ratings agency Standard & Poor’s as they slapped Triple-A ratings on risky pools of loans, luring investors all over the world to invest in now-worthless CDOs.

Cornell University - 2 Stars    

  • Sandy Weill, Cornell BA, Government: Former CEO of Citibank, created the banking behemoth that put commercial banking and investment banking under one roof for the first time since the 1930s, after successfully lobbying for the repeal of Depression-era regulations that kept those banking functions separate. The result is a Citibank that the government just recently took a 38% stake in to keep it afloat.
  • Richard Marin, Cornell MBA: Former CEO of Bear Stearns Asset Management, ran two highly leveraged hedge funds that blew up in the summer of 2007, kicking off the credit crisis cascade that eventually saw 85-year-old Bear Stearns dismantled and sold to JP Morgan Chase for parts.

50 Reader Comments (so far…) Sign In or Register to comment

Jane Carroll
Harvard is not a nice place.  It’s ruthless and full of pomposity.  My husband graduated Harvard.  Basically, it’s no secret that business schools—and Harvard is probably the most agressive business school—train predators.  They teach their students to connive, and ambush, use laws to cheat & steal, tackle without mercy, and wait in prey.  These graduates are like hopped-up gladiators let loose in society…not nice. Never pet a predator.
By Jane Carroll on 03/06/2009 6:49 am
Ed Butler

First, let me say that I am not a loyal reader of this site. Instead, I had this article passed on to me, and feel compelled to respond to what I think is a rather uninformed critique.

 First, thousands and thousands of MBAs graduate from America’s "top" business schools every year. That means that there are tens of thousands, even hundreds thousands of MBAs out there. Simply because a small percentage of them can be linked to the financial crisis isn’t worth an article indicting the entire MBA population as complicit, or particularly a few select programs.

What’s more, is that many more "top" MBAs work outside of Wall Street than in it. They work at places like Proctor and Gamble, General Electric, Google and Pfizer in marketing, general management, and yes finance. But they don’t construct derivatives, they don’t short-sell stocks. Instead, they are responsible for overseeing divisions and companies that for years have provided products to the American consumer, and made those same lives better. Their good, honest work has enriched American society financially too. Their work over the years has provided the engine of sane economic and stock growth that allowed 401ks to flourish, dividends to be paid. They work for companies whose assets aren’t unmeasurable, and weren’t vastly inflated or diced into tranches. And they have done it all ethically and with intelligence. In many cases (certainly more than otherwise), they clean up shady accounting or practices because that’s what’s ethical, and better for their business.

The article above also paints in broad strokes about the financial industry and crisis, and seems to suggest that a select few (who happen to have MBAs) are responsible. Nevermind that our current situation is a function of financiers, yes, but also is the net effect of lenders, borrowers, traders, junior bankers, low level regulators, lawyers and the complex relationships between them. Was too much leeway given to CDOs and other complex instruments? Clearly. But this was not a scheme constructed by the financial elite (with Harvard MBAs) to bring down the world while they made money. It was shortsighted, it was due to earnings pressures. It was stupid. But it wasn’t ever taught.

The MBA is not a degree of greed or dishonesty. To be sure, there are those who misuse their education and position of power. But that’s not restricted to those who have walked down the halls of a business school. Greed is a sad human trait, and it took over Wall Street. But not because MBAs work/ed there. Because greedy people worked there. 

By Ed Butler on 03/06/2009 9:32 am
Patti J
Who is to blame for this boondoggle?  All of us.  Republicans, Democrats, the greedy, the lender who gave people a mortgage he knew they could not afford, politicians who pandered to the businesses such as AIG….And, the people who were lying about the state of the economy who were supposed to be the watchdogs standing between us and this mess.  Everyone is to blame.  What I cannot figure out is how the subprime got started in the first place.  Loaning money on McMansions was not the idea when it was first proposed.  That was supposed to enable people to buy a home — not a McMansion — and build a life.  Greed, lack of ethics, and other stupidity caused this.  Now, it is time for all of us and eat our little bit of the poop pie and get our country back together.  I am sick and tired of the finger pointing.  I don’t speak Chinese, but they hold most of the paper owed by this country.  We all may have to learn.
By Patti J on 03/06/2009 10:27 am
Tee Zee

Great post Patti!  I agree we all took our eye off the ball.   Another great explaination of what happened is…

http://www.thisamericanlife.org/Radio_Episode.aspx?sched=1285
By Tee Zee on 03/07/2009 12:07 pm
Tee Zee

How the subprime mess got started in the first place…let me recommend…The Giant Pool of Money…

 http://www.thisamericanlife.org/Radio_Episode.aspx?episode=355

By Tee Zee on 03/07/2009 12:14 pm
joe kupper

Thanks for standing up and exposing an issue that need to be echoed constantly in the hopes that it will help to change the corrupt culture that has gotten us into trouble.

I was recently listening to the trash peddelers on CNBC who are not exempt from some blame for the crisis we are experiencing right now. Please write an article on the motivations of these pundits and those similarly situated who have helped to promote this horrible culture of reckless greed.

By joe kupper on 03/06/2009 11:57 am
Ali Tahir
This article is dead wrong. To extrapolate the mistakes of these 25 people to the MBA schools and the thousands of students that graduate from them is idiotic to the extreme. We might as well see what middle school and high school they went to and lambast those as well. Frankly, this is poor journalism. I graduated from NYU Stern last year and guess what I think it was the best 2 years of my life. I got to study with some of the smartest people in the world from a diverse set of backgrounds/experiences and am richer for it. There are a number of students from my batch who have lost their jobs as a result of the downturn for no fault of their own and it is a bit rich for you to suggest that because they went to b-school they are destined to mess up. Oh and anytime you like do go to the NYU Stern website and research a bit….you will find that the experience is not about having a sense of entitlement and just looking to go off to wall street. The student body is diverse and they choose diverse fields including banking, marketing, non-profit social service, consulting etc. Also you are so quick to blame the MBAs. What about every tom dick and harry who was willing to take out a home equity line of credit or flip condos in Florida and Vegas or the loan officer who was filling out bogus details on mortgage applications (were those all MBAs?) It seems easy enough to blame a few for the difficulties of the present but frankly everyone screwed up and it is ridiculous to blame institutions of higher learning that educate the best and brightest of this country.
By Ali Tahir on 03/06/2009 6:34 pm
Lily Rose

You blame the schools, my friends?  Did YOU learn ethics and morals in school?

I, for one, did not.  It was a combination of my family and my faith from whom I learned moral behaviour.

Namaste.

By Lily Rose on 03/07/2009 9:49 am
DeBúrca obj

White House Agenda; Anger Management

by John McCarron, Chicago Tribune 

excerpt: "People need to keep their history straight…. In this version, the stock market and the economy continue in free-fall because investors have no confidence in President Barack Obama’s economic rescue plan; investors and employers are pulling back because of the prospect of paying higher marginal income tax rates; stocks of drug and insurance companies are falling because they’re up against "socialized medicine."

It’s all a crock, of course. I’m not sold on every White House idea for change (whose idea was it to limit the tax deductibility of charitable contributions, anyway?) but it’s vitally important that folks understand the economy’s swoon is being caused by a monumental screw-up by a lot of wealthy people who should have known better.

Having freed themselves of the "dead hand" of government regulation, Wall Street’s best and brightest went on a 10-year bender of incredibly irresponsible lending. Worse, it was predatory lending—usurious loans targeted at people who didn’t know better, loans doomed from the start, loans that now doom entire neighborhoods unless something is done to stem the foreclosure blight. 

That’s what happened … though you would not know it to hear radio host Rush Limbaugh, or that CNBC reporter at the futures exchange who ranted recently about the unfairness of government helping "irresponsible" borrowers. He might want to watch his own network’s fine "House of Cards" documentary to see who was truly irresponsible."

http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/chi-oped0309mccarronmar09,0,4791047.story

 

By DeBúrca obj on 03/09/2009 11:01 am
E .
I can’t speak for the other schools listed but I have a special place in my heart for Cornell.  If anyone has a special bright one contemplating where to go to university suggest that they consider Cornell and schedule a tour.  There are a lot of well educated duds out there - don’t hold their schools responsible for the pile of manure they produce.
By E . on 03/09/2009 12:11 pm
Mommy Dearest

Ridiculous article, my dears.

By Mommy Dearest on 03/10/2009 9:56 am
Beth Hereth
FYI, Pres. Obama also graduated from Harvard.  Granted Harvard Law, but Harvard nonetheless.
By Beth Hereth on 03/10/2009 12:51 pm
peggy delprete

SOME BANKERSYOU COULD FILL VOLUMNS ON THIS MESSWHERE WOULD ONE BEGIN….AND LET’S HOPE THERE IS A HAPPY EVER AFTER….BUT, NOT JUST YET FOLKS.

PEGGY D

By peggy delprete on 03/10/2009 8:27 pm
Tim Kramer
Your article smacks of jealousy, Debbie.  What degree do you need to write for wowowowowow.com?
By Tim Kramer on 04/07/2009 3:08 pm
Will Student

You should have added scores of hedge fund managers who, after losing HUNDREDS OF MILLIONS OF DOLLARS in the most irresponsible manner, become assistant adjunct professors at well known universities, like NYU Stern. Another Harvard "creature", Gene D’Avolio, for example:

http://pages.stern.nyu.edu/~sternfin/gdavolio/index.html

 

Do you think it is moral that a person who has shown himself unable to manage a portfolio “teaches” young students a subject on “Hedge Fund Strategies”? A person who presents himself as a successful model to imitate? Would you expose that person? Or would you allow him to keep earning money by deceiving innocent people who pay for his failed "wisdom"? I find these people unethical, dishonest and dangerous.
By Will Student on 05/10/2009 7:48 pm