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A Friend Stopped By | 10/27/2009 2:35 pm

'Pilots Have Been Sleeping in Airplanes Since There Were Airplanes'

By Bob Perkins
© Shutterstock
Editor’s Note: Bob Perkins spent four years in the U.S. Air Force as an instructor pilot where he became a captain. He now is the president of Consensus Research Company based in New York City.

Who’s awake anyway?

The recent incident of a Northwest Airlines flight staying on autopilot for an extra 20 minutes has raised the issue of pilots "napping" on the job. Let’s be honest: Pilots have been sleeping in airplanes since there were airplanes … the goal is always to have at least one pilot awake.

Why is this? First, flying has gotten to be very boring. If you don’t believe me, sit in a chair, look out the window and sit there for three hours. Once every 30 minutes, pick up your cell phone, call a number for 30 seconds and hang up. That is what the NWA flight was like, except it was dark outside for most of the trip.

Decades ago, I was an instructor pilot in the U.S. Air Force in a high-performance airplane. It was supersonic, could roll at 720 degrees a second and held the time-to-climb record. Mostly, I taught second lieutenants how to stay alive until they could get into an airplane more suited to their talents. But when we flew a cross-country mission that required an hour of cruising six miles above the ground, I "napped" all the time. It was boring.

Second, pilots really have two tasks. One is to make sure the autopilot, the auto gear lifter and the auto flap lower and the automatic coffeemaker work. Not very tough. The second is to show incredible judgment, finesse and cool in panicky situations (let’s call it the "judgment" task). We had a Miracle on the Hudson because you had a fabulous set of pilots doing a miraculous job and being very lucky.

In my old Pilot Instructor job, we didn’t have any "auto" anything on the T-38. It took most of your attention to keep the airplane going and the student pilot from killing you.

But, in a commercial airliner, the ratio of "auto tasks" to "judgment" tasks is about 1,000 to one. That is, you spend 25 weeks (at 40 hours a week) and do one hour of "judgment."

Given that ratio, airline passengers don’t want to pay big bucks for judgment. What are the odds that you’ll be in that one tenth of one percent when judgment is essential? Low.

So pilots get paid less, work more and have fewer hours between flights. And we shouldn’t be surprised when a few of them nod off in the auto task mode.

The bible of all real pilots is Tom Wolfe’s The Right Stuff. It captured the ethic of pilots, particularly fighter pilots, perfectly. It isn’t an accident that the best pilot ever, Chuck Yeager, never wanted to be an astronaut. Why would you give up flying a real airplane to become a "monkey in a can"? Astronauts didn’t fly their capsules, they rode. General Yeager never wanted to be a passenger.

Yet, the truth is for most flights, most of the time, modern airline pilots are almost passengers. And until we are willing to pay them more, let them sleep more and treat them as people, not machines, we shouldn’t be surprised if one or two nap away.

41 Reader Comments (so far…) Sign In or Register to comment

Linda Myers
Didn’t they conclude they were on laptops, and not sleeping? When you have that many lives counting on you at least be awake and aware with the right focus. And frankly right now, I am tired of hearing about those who are employed and griping about thier paychecks, from pilots to assembly lines, or in this area union Ford plant workers and bus school drivers.
By Linda Myers on 10/27/2009 2:17 pm
Signing On

Linda, I too find this a soppy "story," and am also tired of the griping. More over, I earned my pilot’s license in 1978 from a pioneer aviatrix who was a close friend of Amelia Airhardt, and there was never a question about personal or professional responsiblity in the air. Of course, those I became close to were female pilots, primarily, and the "99s" members. When I earned my Class I license, there was never a hint of laxity from any one I knew, even the Navy pilots at a well-known naval base who kept us on our toes (or removed us from their air space).

Frankly, I do not believe their ‘story’ one bit; nor do I think they were sleeping!

By Signing On on 10/27/2009 6:10 pm
Linda Myers

I do think the pilots should be held accountable, if they are just an example of pilots in general then let it be an example to the other pilots in the air. The airline itself will know what was happening regardless if the general population is made aware or not. I have been to Atchison, Kansas and the home of Amelia. I imagine in the future that town will see more traffic just as the bridges did in Madison County years ago. Seeing the bridges in Iowa,  I would recomend, not sure about Atchison. I am grateful for the auto pilot in this case, but whose air space were they in that could have been a disastor. Mr. Perkins is just the messenger, and if it woke people up - he did his job.

By Linda Myers on 10/27/2009 6:56 pm
C Hardy

I can add this to my already long list as WHY I dont fly!  I mean really - Im sorry but I dont think they were on their laptops - I will have to say that I agree, they were asleep.  I mean if you were on your laptop - how easy would it have been to answer the several calls made to you by air traffic control - easy!  If you were asleep and didnt hear it - that sounds a little more like the truth.  Either way - these two pilots may loose their jobs so fess up to what really happened. 

 I also agree with Linda - those who have jobs - why are you complaining about them?  Be happy & thankful you still have a job, I may not like mine some days but I’ll take it over the alternative.

By C Hardy on 10/27/2009 2:29 pm
Linda Myers
I agree that they probably were sleeping and having admitted that would open up the airline to negligience. I love WOW, but it is formatted and based on success in life rather than everyday experiences by people. A glimpse into thier lives. The real stories that we hear, would not make headliners for WOW.
By Linda Myers on 10/27/2009 2:44 pm
deber B
Well, first the pilots said they were "arguing."   Now they say they were on their laptops.   I believe they WERE sleeping.   None of us really know what is going on in the cockpit when we are passengers on a plane.  Maybe that’s a good thing!!
By deber B on 10/27/2009 2:33 pm
Belinda Joy

"….until we are willing to pay them more, let them sleep more and treat them as people, not machines, we shouldn’t be surprised if one or two nap away."

Respectfully Mr. Perkins, you are wrong.

Whether it be the server that places my food before me in a restaurant or the pilot at the controls of an airplane I am on, how much they are paid should have NOTHING to do with the quality of service I receive….nothing.

However your cynical (and I will go further by saying) insulting interpretation of today’s commercial air-pilots is highly offensive.  This from a man who flew 4 years in the air force, what do you know? You sir are a far cry from Captain Chesley "Sully" Sullenberg. How dare you disrespect his profession by reducing their job requirements to simply "make sure the autopilot, the auto gear lifter and the auto flap lower and the automatic coffeemaker work" how insulting.

You have shared with us your perspective of today’s pilots and your opinion that they are 1. Under paid for doing  2. Doing a boring job.

Is that the gist of your article?

By Belinda Joy on 10/27/2009 3:06 pm
Bob Perkins

Well, Belinda, three things.

 First, I doubt if you find the service at McDonald’s as good as the service at The Four Seasons.  

 Second, the issue isn’t paying them more, per se.  It is giving them more rest, fewer trans-continental trips, etc.  In reality, it is about facing reality.  You can only push the human system so far and it fails.  Not always, not every time, but sometimes.  

Third, I thought I was pretty clear that most of the time the job is "auto" and sometimes it requires the deftness of skill that is exceptional.  Ever try to land an airplane at 180 miles an hour with 1/4 mile visibility and rain and fog?  You’re right, very tricky.  But, you are usually doing that after a very routine 4 hour flight.  That is the mix of auto and judgement I mentioned.

That isn’t cyncial or insulting, just the truth. Thanks

By Bob Perkins on 10/27/2009 3:58 pm
Linda Myers

Bob,

What is an answer to correct the problems with overworkerd pilots, boredom, etc? What is the ratio of military pilots becoming commercial pilots, are they recruited out of the service to take these positions? My dad was an piot in the service and I know that love for flying just doesn’t evaporate with a discharge. We have heard for years about the ground crews being stressed and overworked - when you add the ones in the air to the fold it sounds pretty scarey. Sounds like auto pilot is almost a safety measure being used in flight. Overall, transporting millions of people without crashing the plane is safer than other transportation though there must be additional checkpoints that could be used to keep the pilots attention.

By Linda Myers on 10/27/2009 5:00 pm
Linda Myers
typo (a pilot)
By Linda Myers on 10/27/2009 5:01 pm
Belinda Joy

You chose to post an article on the WoW site that is incredibly cynical about the airline industry today as it relates to pilots in light of the controversy that is surrounding the incident with the two pilots who may or may not have fallen asleep on the job. You paint a picture of the job of piloting a plane as "boring" because so much of the job entails functions that are automatically preset for them. I’m no expert when it comes to airplanes, but I somewhat knew that was the case. That does not in anyway excuse a pilot from falling to sleep, nor should we as passengers accept that as an excuse. Which is what you are attempting to sway your readers into believing. Again I say, wrong.

You did a hatchet job on your fellow pilots, you and I both know that. Captain Sullenberg who is now the benchmark I set when comparing pilots, epitomizes what a true, skilled pilot should be (and from what I have seen and heard - human being). Would he have posted an article like yours? A pilot telling the general public essentially "Look people, we fall asleep all the time. It’s not our fault, the airline has us running long and extended routes, the body can only take so much, yadda, yadda, yadda. But hey, don’t worry, cuz’ most of what we do is auto anyway…so not tryin’ to scare you…but it is what it is."

No, I think not. He and any other qualified, skilled and honorable pilot would pay close attention on the message he is relaying and the audience to whom they are speaking. You took very little time to consider either Mr. Perkins. In my opinion you have just shouted fire in a theater, and are now standing at the door as people rush by you with a look of surprise. "What’s the big deal…I only said……"

As for your comparison between McDonald’s and The Four Seasons, I couldn’t disagree with you more. I expect good service from both venues, regardless of what I pay them. If a McDonald’s worker is PAID to wipe my seat before I sit down, give me a folded napkin with a smile and refill my soda cup, I expect that service. Just because that counter clerk is paid less than those who work for the Four Seasons does not give them license to spit in my food or speak rudely to me. 

Just as a pilot is paid to be alert at the controls of a plane in flight. In what universe you believe because they aren’t paid what you feel they should be paid gives them the right to fall asleep on the job, is beyond me.

By Belinda Joy on 10/27/2009 5:18 pm
Signing On

Ditto. The article oozes pompous arrogance, unbecoming a licensed pilot of any Class license.

By Signing On on 10/27/2009 6:12 pm
KatyDid Wells

I don’t care if the pilots were on their laptops, sleeping, arguing, or just plain bored - their focus should be on the task at hand, one way or the other.  If I can stay awake on a flight back in my little seat in coach, then there is no reason why my pilot can’t do the same - automated controls or not. 

The author of this piece seems to think that napping is excusable - pilots are bored due to the automation.  I say, tough beans.  They chose this profession and if they’re too bored then there are plenty of other things to do - go dig a ditch, become an accountant or work at a 7-11.  Before hitting the skies, pilots know the routine and they know what they are getting into  - they also know their responsibility.

An assembly line is boring too, but at least there, odds are, you only risk cutting off your own finger or breaking your own bones if you slack off and doze.  As a pilot, you take the lives of the passengers and fellow staff members into your hands and both people in that cockpit had better stay awake and alert in case of emergency.  We sit back there helpless, counting on you - don’t even try to tell me how bored you are… it won’t even begin to fly (no pun intended).

When we step on a plane, our concern is not your pay, your sleep patterns, or even how bored you might be in that cockpit - it is our destination.  We TRUST that you will get us to our destination safely.  That trust is slipping.

By KatyDid Wells on 10/27/2009 3:19 pm
Brenda Deines
I enjoyed the article and learned some things I didn’t know about a pilot’s life in today’s cockpits.  But the above posters’ points are well-taken.  I admit that sitting and staring for long periods of time would be pretty conducive to nodding off…and I’m always in favor of a fair wage for anyone, including pilots, but I’m not sure how getting paid more money will help them stay awake.  So, what is the solution?  What can realistically be done to correct the problem so that we’re all safer and happier in the air?
By Brenda Deines on 10/27/2009 3:42 pm
S A
So, what is the solution?  What can realistically be done to correct the problem so that we’re all safer and happier in the air?
Well I know what works well for me as a passenger is flying economy 40,41: H&J. I say put those seats with the same amount of shoulder, elbow, and leg room in place of the pilots seats and there is a 100% chance they won’t be dozing or fiddling around with anything larger than a handheld. 
By S A on 10/27/2009 4:41 pm